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Étude d'impact sur l'environnement et le milieu social
(Directive : 3214-14-062)
Lithium Guo AO :Projet Moblan Lithium
H357755 Volume 3 - Annexes
Relevé des frayères
(Hatch, 2019)
(Document Hatch : H357755-00000-200-066-0011)
H357755-00000-123-066-0003, Rév. 0,
Vol. 3 – Annexe XXII
© Hatch 2019 Tous droits réservés, y compris les droits relatifs à l’utilisation de ce document et de son contenu.
Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
Sommaire exécutif
RELEVÉ DES FRAYÈRES
Rapports d’inventaire biologique Moblan Lithium
CONTEXTE
Cette étude fait suite au rapport Relevés ichtyologiques (Hatch 2018) dans lequel sont
étudiés les habitats et communautés de poissons présents dans les plans d’eau au site du
projet minier Moblan Lithium. Pour les détails additionnels concernant le contexte et la
description de la zone à l’étude, vous pouvez vous reporter à ce dernier. Les relevés dont il
est question dans le présent rapport ont été élaborés pour confirmer et caractériser
l'utilisation pour le frai par l'omble de fontaine (Salvelinus fontinalis) de l'habitat potentiel
précédemment identifié pour le cours d'eau sans nom # 5. Ces informations contribueront à
l’étude d’impact sur l’environnement du projet Moblan Lithium.
MÉTHODOLOGIE
Tous les relevés ichtyologiques ont été réalisés en partenariat avec EnviroCree Ltd, située
dans la municipalité de Mistissini. L'intégration de professionnels de la communauté Crie est
un atout étant donné leur connaissance du territoire et de l’utilisation historique des
ressources halieutiques dans la région du lac Moblan.
Afin de maximiser les chances d'obtenir des résultats, la période post-fraie a été ciblée. Le
frai à lieu lorsque la température de l'eau est comprise entre 6 et 11 °C, les femelles pondent
de 100 à 5000 œufs dont le diamètre varie entre 3,5 et 5 mm. Pour faciliter le relevé
ichtyologique, un permis de gestion de la faune (SEG) a été obtenu du ministère de la Forêt,
de la Faune et des Parcs (MFFP) (n ° 2018-10-09-182-10-G-P). Le SEG est disponible à
l'annexe A.
La sélection des cours d'eau est basée sur les caractérisations effectuées à l'été 2018 lors
des inventaires ichtyologiques (Hatch, 2018). Des critères de substrats, de vitesse du
courant, de profondeur d'eau, de propreté du substrat et de qualité physico-chimique de l'eau
ont été utilisés pour évaluer le potentiel de frai. La présence de l'espèce cible et son stade de
maturité ont été pris en compte dans la sélection.
RÉSULTATS ET CONCLUSION
Les relevés ont confirmé la présence d'œufs d'ombles de fontaine à deux endroits dans le
cours d'eau #5, qui était précédemment identifié comme ayant un potentiel élevé. Les
caractéristiques physiques et chimiques du cours d'eau, et plus particulièrement les zones de
fraie, semblent convenir à l'incubation des œufs et devraient permettre une fraie réussie.
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Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
Les résultats de cet inventaire suggèrent que les cours d’eau qui composent ce système
hydrologique sont susceptibles d’offrir un excellent potentiel pour le frai de l'omble de
fontaine et de répondre à leurs besoins en termes de croissance, reproduction, alevinage et
hivernage. Il est également probable que ces cours d'eau offrent un bon potentiel pour le frai
pour d’autres espèces dans les lacs et les étangs de la zone d'étude, ce qui en fait un
élément essentiel pour les communautés ichtyologiques. L'omble de fontaine est une espèce
commerciale, récréative et de subsistance pour les autochtones partout au Canada, ce qui en
fera une espèce clé dans le cadre des discussions avec Pêches et Océans Canada (MPO) et
le ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs (MFFP).
D'après les résultats de cet inventaire, le cours d’eau sans nom # 5 ainsi que toutes les eaux
qui composent ce système hydrologique et qui répondent à la définition d'un plan d'eau
devraient être considérés comme un habitat du poisson. Toute modification ou destruction de
ces habitats nécessitera probablement l'approbation du MPO.
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© Hatch 2019 All rights reserved, including all rights relating to the use of this document or its contents.
Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 1-1
2. Spawning Ichthyological survey methodology .............................................................................. 2-1
2.1 Selection of water bodies ........................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Habitat characterization ............................................................................................................. 2-2
2.2.1 Water quality ................................................................................................................. 2-2
2.2.2 Fish egg identification ................................................................................................... 2-2
2.3 Characteristics of fishing gear ................................................................................................... 2-3
2.4 Weather Conditions ................................................................................................................... 2-3
3. Survey Results ................................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1 Unnamed Stream #5 .................................................................................................................. 3-1
4. Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................... 4-3
5. Bibliography ....................................................................................................................................... 5-1
List of Tables
Table 2-1 : Location of the Unnamed watercourse #5 segment ................................................................ 2-2
Table 2-2 : Meteorological observation ...................................................................................................... 2-3
Table 3-1 Physicochemical characteristics of Unnamed Stream #5 ......................................................... 3-2
Table 3-2 Fish habitat characterization of the Unnamed stream #5 ......................................................... 3-2
List of Figures
Figure 2-1 Kick net ......................................................................................................................... 2-3
Figure B-1 Aerial view of spawning sites of Unnamed stream #5 ..................................................... 2
List of Photos
Photo 1 Brook trout eggs (Salvelinus fontinalis) ........................................................................................ 3-1
Photo 2 Confirmed spawning site .............................................................................................................. 3-1
Photo 3 Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) egg ......................................................................................... C-1
Photo 4 Measuring a brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) egg .................................................................... C-2
Photo 5 Upstream view of Unnamed stream #5 from Unnamed pond #6 ................................................ C-3
Photo 6 Spawning site of Unnamed stream #5......................................................................................... C-4
List of Appendices
Appendix A: Wildlife Management Permit (SEG)
Appendix B: Aerial view of the waterbodies
Appendix C: Photos taken at the site
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Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
IMPORTANT NOTICE TO READER
This report was prepared by Hatch Ltd. (“Hatch”) for the exclusive use of Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. (the
“Client”) for the sole purpose of assisting the management of the Client to make decisions with respect to
the Lake Moblan Site (the “Site”), and must not be used for any other purpose, or provided to, relied upon
or used by any other person. Any use of or reliance upon this report by another person is done at their
sole risk and Hatch does not accept any responsibility or liability in connection with that person’s use or
reliance.
This report contains the opinion of Hatch using its professional judgment and reasonable care based
upon observations of the condition of the Site made at the time of preparation of this report, and
information made available to Hatch by the Client or by certain other parties on behalf of the Client (the
“Client or Other Information”).
The use of or reliance upon this report by the Client is subject to the following:
(1) This report is to be read in the context of and subject to the terms of the relevant Purchase Order No.
3464-18-2330 between Hatch and the Client (the “Agreement”), including any methodologies, procedures,
techniques, assumptions and other relevant terms or conditions specified in the Agreement.
(2) This report is meant to be read as a whole, and sections or parts of the report must not be read or
relied upon out of context.
(3) Unless expressly stated otherwise in this report, Hatch has not verified the accuracy, completeness or
validity of the Client or Other Information, makes no representation regarding the accuracy of such
information and does not accept any responsibility or liability in connection with the Client or Other
Information.
(4) The condition, stability and safety of the Structure may change over time (or may have already
changed) due to natural forces or human intervention, and Hatch does not accept any responsibility for
the impact that such changes may have on the accuracy or validity of the opinions, conclusions and
recommendations set out in this report.
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Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
Working team
Hatch Ltd.
Name Role
Management
Marie-Christine Patoine, ing. M.Sc.A ESIA Manager
Elyse Hamel, ing. M.Env. Project lead
Kathleen Vukovics, B.A. Environmental surveys lead
Field surveys
Jean Novotni, biol. Aquatic surveys lead
Romy Bacon Savard, M.Sc.A. Aquatic surveys
Mapping
Sladjana Pavlovic, M.Sc. GIS
EnviroCree
Name Role
Management
Jim MacLeod Logistical support
Field surveys
Jaimee MacLeod (intern) Aquatic surveys
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Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
1. Introduction
This survey is a follow-up to Hatch’s 2018 Ichthyological survey report that studied existing
fish habitats and communities in the water bodies surrounding the Moblan Lithium site. For
the background of this study and the description of the area, you can refer to the
Ichthyological survey report (Hatch, 2018). The surveys discussed in this report were
designed to confirm and characterize spawning use by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) for
the previously identified potential habitat within unnamed stream #5.
All fishery surveys were carried out in partnership with EnviroCree Ltd. located in the
municipality of Mistissinni. The integration of professionals from the Cree community is an
asset because of their knowledge of the territory and the historic usage of fisheries resources
in the Lac Moblan area.
2. Spawning Ichthyological survey methodology
To maximize the chances of obtaining results, the post-spawning period was targeted.
Spawning occurs when the water temperature is between 6 and 11 °C (Bujold & Vachon,
2016). The females will lay from 100 to 5000 eggs ranging between 3.5 and 5 mm in
diameter, both number and size of eggs are dependent on the size of the female. Females
reach sexual maturity around 3 years of age. Nearing spawning the female digs in the gravel
a nest or redd wihtin the sands and gravels where the externally fertilized eggs are deposited.
Once fertilized, the eggs are covered by the female and are left unguarded for incubation.
The incubation time varies according to the temperature and oxygen concentration of the
water. Upon reaching maturity the eggs emerge as fry from the substrate after they have
resorbed their yolk sacks (Scott & Crossman, 1974).
Water temperatures were reported to below 2°C in similar streams in the region at the end of
the October triggering the investigation to occur as eggs would have been expected to be
deposited. The use of a spoon shaped, 500 µm mesh kick net, specially designed to extract
fish eggs buried in the substrate, was used. The collection consists of gently disturbing the
substrate upstream of the net while simultaneously using the flow and net to collect substrate
and any deposited eggs in to the net.
To facilitate the fisheries investigation, a wildlife management permit (SEG) was obtained
from the Ministère de la Forêt, de la Faune et des Parcs (MFFP) (#2018-10-09-182-10-G-P).
The SEG is available in Appendix A.
2.1 Selection of water bodies
The selection of the watercourses was based on the characterizations carried out in the
summer of 2018 during the ichthyological inventories (Hatch, 2018). A criteria of substrates,
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Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
stream gradient, current velocity, water depth, substrate cleanliness and physicochemical
water quality were used to assess the spawning potential. In addition, the presence of the
target species and its maturity stage were considered in the selection.
In additional to Unnamed Stream # 5 meeting physical and chemical requirements the
observation of juveniles in the downstream, near unnamed pond #6, indicated successful
spawning within the tributary in 2017, further confirming the potential for brook trout spawning
in the unnamed stream #5. The location of the selected stream segment is presented in Table
2-1.
Table 2-1 : Location of the Unnamed watercourse #5 segment
Waterbody Latitude Longitude UTM (18U)
Start
Start Start 505242 E
50.726242 -74.925734 5619385N
Unnamed watercourse #5
End End End
50.726807 -74.925351 505269 E
5619448 N
2.2 Habitat characterization
2.2.1 Water quality
Surface water quality characteristics were recorded for each spawning site using a YSI Pro
Plus multi-parameter probe. The YSI Pro Plus was equipped with temperature (°C),
conductivity (µs/cm), dissolved oxygen (mg/L) and pH probes.
2.2.2 Fish egg identification
Egg identification was based on diameter, period of the capture and the potential presence of
other species. Egg measurements were made using a millimetric ruler.
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Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
2.3 Characteristics of fishing gear
The kick net used had an opening of 30 by 35 cm and a depth of 30 cm with a handle of
100 cm. The mesh size of the Nitex® net was 500 µm, See Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1 Kick net
2.4 Weather Conditions
The survey was post-spawning as previously mentioned when waters were reported to beGuo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
3. Survey Results
3.1 Unnamed Stream #5
Unnamed stream #5 is characterized as a permanent stream with headwaters at an altitude
of 468 meters above sea level (masl) dropping to an elevation of 444 masl. Stream #5
originates at the outflow of pond #2 and continues towards and through unnamed pond #6
before ultimately discharging into Tortigny Lake. The physicochemical characteristics of the
unnamed stream #5 are suitable aquatic life. An aerial view of the water body is presented in
Appendix A.
In the previous study Brook trout were captured in the watercourse immediately downstream
of Pond #2 via minnow trapping and electrofishing (Hatch, 2018). The habitat surrounding the
fish capture location is characterized by gravel and sand substrates with clear water with in-
stream cover by woody debris. Juvenile brook trout, about 100 individuals, were observed in
the downstream section of the stream where it flows into Unnamed pond #6.
Visual post spawn surveys identified two potential spawning sites in the downstream section
of the unnamed stream #5 adjacent to the unnamed pond #6. These sites were confirmed as
spawning sites through egg collections using a kick net.
Photo 1 Brook trout eggs (Salvelinus fontinalis) Photo 2 Confirmed spawning site
Physicochemical measurements of the water at the two spawning locations, indicated
adequate pH and an optimal dissolved oxygen concentration (Morin, 2012). Combining the
physical and physicochemical conditions, it is anticipated these sites will be successful
incubating the brook trout eggs and complete the spawning cycle. Table 3-1 outlines both the
physical and physicochemical characteristics at each confirmed spawning location, while
Table 3-2 provides an overview of the entire surveyed section.
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© Hatch 2019 All rights reserved, including all rights relating to the use of this document or its contents.Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
Table 3-1 Physicochemical characteristics of Unnamed Stream #5
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Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
4. Conclusion
The surveys confirmed egg deposition of brook trout at two locations within the stream
previously identified as having high potential. Both physical and chemical characteristics of
the stream and more specifically the spawning areas appear suitable for egg incubation and
is expected to result in a successful spawn.
The results of this survey suggest that all the waterways that make up this hydrological
system are likely to offer excellent potential for brook trout spawning and to support their
needs in terms of growth, reproduction, rearing and wintering. It also likely these streams
provide spawning opportunities for populations within the lakes and ponds of the study area
making them a vital component to the overall fish community. Brook trout are an important
commercial, recreational and aboriginal (CRA) species throughout Canada as such will be a
key species for discussion with Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) and Ministère des
Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs (MFFP). DFO defines fish habitat as “spawning grounds
and any other areas, including nursery, rearing, food supply and migration areas, on which
fish depend directly or indirectly in order to carry out their life processes;” Based on the
results of this survey Unnamed Stream #5 as well any connecting waters meeting the
definition of a waterbody, should be considered fish habitat. Moving forward any alteration or
destruction of these habitats will likely require DFO approval.
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© Hatch 2019 All rights reserved, including all rights relating to the use of this document or its contents.Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
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H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
5. Bibliography
Bujold, J.-N., & Vachon, M. (2016). Guide d’identification de frayères à omble de fontaine dans les cours
d’eau. Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs.
Hatch. (2018). Report - Ichthyological surveys - H357755-00000-200-066-0001, Rev. A. Montréal: Hatch.
Morin, R. (2012). « Qualité de l’eau requise pour l’élevage des salmonidés ». Document d’information
DADD-14. 25 p. Ministère de l’Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l’Alimentation.
http://www.mapaq.gouv.qc.ca/Fr/Peche.
Scott, W., & Crossman, E. (1974). Poisson d'eau douce du Canada, Bulletin 184. Ottawa: Office des
recherches sur les pêcheries du Canada.
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© Hatch 2019 All rights reserved, including all rights relating to the use of this document or its contents.Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
Appendix A
Wildlife Management Permit (SEG)
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Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
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Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
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Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
Appendix B
Aerial view of the waterbodies
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Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
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Figure including
B-1 all rights relating
Aerialto view
the use of
ofthis document or its
spawning contents.
sites of Unnamed stream #5Guo Ao Lithium Ltd. Project Management Report
Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
Appendix C
Photos taken at the site
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Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
Photo 3 Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) egg
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Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
Photo 4 Measuring a brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) egg
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Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
Photo 5 Upstream view of Unnamed stream #5 from Unnamed pond #6
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Biological Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project Environment Sustainability and Community Interface
Management
H357755 Aquatic Surveys of Moblan Lithium Project
Photo 6 Spawning site of Unnamed stream #5
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