Assessing Drugs for Reimbursement in Québec Public Health Programs: Concepts, strategies and challenges - November 29, 2016

La page est créée Sébastien Garcia
 
CONTINUER À LIRE
Assessing Drugs for Reimbursement in Québec Public Health Programs: Concepts, strategies and challenges - November 29, 2016
Assessing Drugs for
                    Reimbursement in
                    Québec Public
                    Health Programs:
                    Concepts,
                    strategies and
                    challenges

                    Stéphane P. Ahern, m.d. Ph.D
                    Chair
                    Comité scientifique pour
                    l’évaluation des médicaments
                    pour fins d’inscription

November 29, 2016
Assessing Drugs for Reimbursement in Québec Public Health Programs: Concepts, strategies and challenges - November 29, 2016
Objectives

    • Understand the mechanism of assessment of drug in
      order to make recommendations to the Minister with
      view to updating the list of medications;
    • Explore some of the recommendation scheme the
      Institute use in order to take into account clinical,
      economical and/or organizational uncertainty with
      regard to particular drug
    • Discuss some of the analytical and deliberation issues
      arising within the Committee.

2
Assessing Drugs for Reimbursement in Québec Public Health Programs: Concepts, strategies and challenges - November 29, 2016
Plan

    • Contextual Issues regarding the list of medications (in
      Hospital and Public Drug Insurance Plan)
    • Legal Context, specific to Québec
    • Scientific Evaluation Process
    • Ethical challenges related to drug assessment

3
Assessing Drugs for Reimbursement in Québec Public Health Programs: Concepts, strategies and challenges - November 29, 2016
INESSS

    MISSION

    The mission of the institute is to promote
    clinical excellence and the efficient use of resources in
    the health and social services sector.

4
Assessing Drugs for Reimbursement in Québec Public Health Programs: Concepts, strategies and challenges - November 29, 2016
INESSS

    Principles
    Excellence        Scientific Rigour
    Independence      Transparency
    Openness          Integrity
                      Equity

5
Assessing Drugs for Reimbursement in Québec Public Health Programs: Concepts, strategies and challenges - November 29, 2016
Health Insurance Plan

      A Basic Prescription Drug Insurance Plan
    The purpose of the basic plan is to ensure that all persons in
    Québec have reasonable and fair access to the medication
    required by their state of health.

    To that end, the plan provides for a minimum level of coverage
    for the cost of pharmaceutical services and medications, and
    requires a financial participation on the part of persons or
    families covered by the plan depending, in particular, on their
    economic situation.
    http://www.canlii.org/en/qc/laws/stat/cqlr‐c‐a‐29.01/latest/cqlr‐c‐a‐29.01.html

6
Assessing Drugs for Reimbursement in Québec Public Health Programs: Concepts, strategies and challenges - November 29, 2016
BPDIP
                       Objectives and characteristics

    Objectives
    •   Equitable and affordable access to prescribed drugs
    •   Shared cost between users
    •   Integrated scheme of reimbursement
    Characteristics :
    •   Universal
    •   Mixt
    •   Contributive
    •   Mandatory

7
Shared Decision Making

                               MINISTRE
                          DE LA SANTÉ ET DES
                          SERVICES SOCIAUX

     CABINET
    DU MINISTRE

    INESSS         RAMQ          MSSS          AUTRES

8
Shared Responsibilities

    • Ministry of Health : the final decision maker
        After receiving the recommendations of INESSS, the Ministry of Health
    decide which drug will be list or not

    • Ministry of Health:
        –   Following drug utilization patterns and costs
        –   Elaborate guiding policies regarding drug uses in Québec
        –   Create a collaborative process between all stakeholders
        –   Responsible for the inscription agreement plan

9
Shared Responsabilities

     • INESSS
        – Make recommendation based on robust scientific and holistic
          evaluation of the drug
        – Assess proper optimal usage of drug

10
Legal Context

11
Contexte législatif des listes de
                            médicaments

     ACT RESPECTING THE INSTITUT NATIONAL D’EXCELLENCE EN SANTÉ ET EN SERVICES
     SOCIAUX
     7. In exercising the functions described in paragraph 8 of section 5,
     the institute must first assess the therapeutic value of a medication. If this is not
     established to its satisfaction, the institute sends a notice to that effect to the
     Minister.
     If the institute considers that the therapeutic value of a medication has been
     established, it sends its recommendation to the Minister after assessing(1) the
     reasonableness of the price charged;
     (2) the cost‐effectiveness ratio of the medication;
     (3) the impact that entering the medication on the list will have on the
     health of the general public and on the other components of the health and
     social services system; and
     (4) the advisability of entering the medication on the list, given the
     purpose of the basic prescription drug insurance plan.
12
Scientific Evaluation Process

13
Scientific Evaluation Process

     • Public Evaluation Process

     • Specific assessment modalities

     • Public Requirements

     • New Guidance in 2012 for
     Oncology drugs

14
Calendar

     • New innovative drugs (3 lists per year, since 2003)
     • Generic Multisources Drugs (7 lists per year)
     • 400‐500 drugs assess per year
     • Clinical and economical assessment possible

15
Priority Evaluation

     Therapeutic Goal
        – No option available
        – Delay might cause significant harms
     Economic goal
       – Potential saving of minimum of 200 000 $/month

16
Drug Assessment Committee

     2 scientists (pharmacoeconomist, statistician)
     10 clinicians (family physicians, specialists and hospital pharmacists)
     1 health administrator
     2 ethicists
     2 citizens

17
Assessment Pathway

                 INESSS
        Conseil d’administration                                         11 membres

            Vice‐présidente
         production scientifique
                                                                       18 professionnels
       Direction de l’évaluation des
     médicaments aux fins d’inscription

     Comité scientifique de l’évaluation                                 17 membres
                                           ÉQUIPE DE ≥ 4 ÉVALUATEURS
        des médicaments aux fins                 /médicament
           d’inscription (CSEMI)

                                                                       Groupe de travail
            Experts externes
                                                                          et comité

18
18
Type of demand

     • New drug
     • New indication for limited medication access
     • New medication association
     • New medication formulation
     • Dressings, enteral nutrition, natural products (special
       consideration)
     • Multisource generic drug

19
19
Specific Drug Requirements

     • Homologation Compliance Information
         – Clinical Data Summary
         – Health Canada Reviewers
         – Monography
     •   Clinical studies
     •   Price and justification
     •   Pharmacoeconomic studies
     •   Budget Impact Analysis
     •   Promotional material

20
20
Drug Assessment

     Therapeutic Value
     • Critical first step in the evaluation process

     • Efficacy ≠Therapeu c Value
        – Therapeutic Value
           •   Efficacy
           •   Safety
           •   Therapeutic advantages
           •   Adherence

21
Drug Assessment (TV)

     • Evidence Based Decision Making
       –   1 RCT
       –   Other clinical information
       –   Review of the literature made by INESSS
       –   Meta‐analysis
       –   Guidelines
       –   Santé Canada, FDA, NICE, ACMTS, HAS, …

22
Drug Assessment TV

     • Critical Appraisal of Submitted Studies
        –   Level of evidence / reliability / validity / bias
        –   Relevance of the study population to our clinical context e
        –   Comparator
        –   Significant Clinical Outcomes

                                        – Unmet clinical needs paradigm

23
Évaluation des médicaments

     Valeur thérapeutique de chaque médicament
     • Appréciation de l’ensembles des résultats
         –   Résultats (statistiques)
         –   Signification clinique
         –   NNH et NNT si pertinents
         –   Ampleur des résultats
     •   Concordance entre les résultats des études retenues
     •   Expertise clinique
     •   Pertinence clinique
     •   Besoin de santé non comblé
24
Évaluation des médicaments

     Justesse du prix
     • Comparaison du coût du traitement p/r comparateurs
        – Basée sur le PVG du fabricant ou le prix aux établissements
     • Évaluation du coût du traitement
        – par rapport aux coûts d’autres stratégies, médicamenteuses
          ou non, à même visée thérapeutique;
        – sans le coût des services professionnels du pharmacien sauf
          exceptions;
        – sans soustraction des contributions monétaires des assurés.

25
Drug Assessment : Effectiveness

     Cost Efficacy Ratio and Pricing

     • Pharmaco‐economic studies
     • CADTH methodological requirements
     • Different models for different clinical context
        – Cost Efficacy Studies
        – Cost Utility Studies
        – Cost Minimization Studies
        – Cost Consequences Studies

26
DRUG ASSESSMENT :
                     EFFECTIVENESS

     • Societal Perspective as a primary model
     • Critical appraisal of the clinical modelization and the
       clinical hypothesis
     • Different indicators are considered
     • Uncertainty
     • No specific threshold is considered cost effective

27
Étude coût- utilité

     Ratio coût-utilité différentiel de Diacomitmc en traitement d’appoint au clobazam et au valproate
     comparativement à l’association de ces derniers pour le traitement des crises épileptiques
     généralisées tonico-cloniques réfractaires du syndrome de Dravet

                                                    Fabricant                               INESSS
     Perspective                  QALY            Coûts          Ratio coût‐utilité    Ratio coût‐utilité
                              différentiel    différentiels        différentiel          différentiel
                                                                  50 069 $/QALY
     Ministère de la santé       0,69           34 750 $
                                                                      gagné

     Sociétale                   0,69           ‐27 100 $           Dominanta
                                                                                       De dominanta à
     Analyses de                                                                       67 000 $/QALY
     sensibilité             De dominanta à 113 791 $/QALY gagné                           gagné
              Déterministeb
                             La probabilité est de 100 % que le ratio soit inférieur
               Probabilistec à 50 000 $/QALY gagné et de 100 % qu’il soit inférieur
                             à 100 000 $/QALY gagné.

28
Analyse de minimisation de
                               coûts: Glycopyrronium contre tiotropium

      Analyse de minimisation des coûts comparant le glycopyrronium
      au tiotropium pour le traitement de la MPOC modérée ou grave
      chez l’adulte
                                  Dose quotidienne                       Coût annuel
     Bronchodilatateur             recommandée
                                                               Fabricant               INESSSa
     Glycopyrronium                                              xxx $              646,05 $
                                          50 mcg
     (Seebri BreezhalerMC)                                   (xxx $/ jour)        (1,77 $/ jour)
     Tiotropium
                                                                 xxx $              766,50 $
     (SpirivaMC                           18 mcg
                                                             (xxx $/ jour)         (2,10 $/ jour)
     HandiHalerMC)
     a Coût établi selon le prix de la Liste de médicaments d’avril 2013 ou selon le prix soumis par le
       fabricant, excluant celui des services professionnels du pharmacien et la marge bénéficiaire du
       grossiste

29
Analyse de minimisation des coûts:
                          Comparaison mirabegron et antimuscariniques

                                              Coût de traitement annuel
     Médicament
                                        Fabricant                   INESSSa
     Mirabegron                           xxx $                      548 $
     Fésotérodine                         xxx $                      548 $
     Oxybutynine(libération
                                          xxx $b                      s.o.c
     immédiate)
     Oxybutynine(libération
                                      xxx $d à xxx $e            669 $ à 674 $f
     prolongée)
     Solifénacine                         xxx $                      548 $
     Toltérodine                          xxx $                      691 $
     Trospium                         xxx $ à 832 $              277 $ à 554 $
     Coût moyen pondéré                   619 $                      638 $g

30
Drug Assessment

     The impact that entering the medication on the list will have on
     the health of the general public and on the other
     components of the health and social services system

     •   Disease Burden
     •   Prevalence
     •   Social aspects of the disease
     •   Overall Economic and Resources Impact
     •   Holistic Evaluation
     •   Patient’s and Clinician’s Perspectives
     •

31
Évaluation des médicaments

     Analyse d’impact net
     • Répercussions économiques ou non économiques de
       l’inscription
     • Mise en parallèle de l’apport thérapeutique et des
       répercussions économiques
     • Données d’utilisation des ressources de santé
     • Description détaillée si non monétaire
     • Exemples: Pradaxa, Coaguchek, Eliquis

32
32
Drug Assessment : Societal
                     Perspective

     Budget Impact Analysis
     • Identification of the target population in Québec
     • Economic impact on the public regime
     • Economic impact for the hospital
     • 3 periods of 12 months each

33
33
Évaluation des médicaments

     Évaluation économique
     •   Ressources restreintes
     •   Choix
     •   Coût d’opportunité
     •   Capacité de payer :
         –   du citoyen;
         –   de l’hôpital;
         –   de l’agent payant;
         –   de la société.

34
34
Drug Assessment

     The advisability of entering the medication on the list,
     given the purpose of the basic prescription drug
     insurance plan.

     • Ethical considerations
     • Societal Values and Preferences
     • Reasonableness and Affordability

35
Drug Assessment

     Example of ethical and societal considerations
     Botox (Hyperactivité vésicale – SEP et lésion cervicale)
       – Continence urinaire – impacts sociaux
     Lucentis (DMLA)
       – Acuité visuelle – autonomie – permis de conduire
     Revlimid (anémie ‐ SMD)
        – Transfusions sanguines
     Toctino (eczéma grave des mains)
        – Conséquences sur la vie quotidienne et professionnelle

36
Values, Drug and Society

                                 Distributive Justice
                                                        Risk Sharing Approach
                                                           and Uncertainty

     Autonomy and Self              Affordable                Solidarity
       Determination                  Access

      Procedural Justice

                                     Equity
37
Deliberation (discussion)

     Within the Committee
     •   Data presentation and conclusion of the working group
     •   Appraisal of the clinical context and specific disease
     •   Therapeutic value and differential elements
     •   Choice of the pharmacoeconomic model
     •   Overall impact analysis
     •   Scoring of the different criteria
     •   Recommendation and judgment formulation

38
Just Caring L.M. Fleck

     • If we had unlimited sums of money for meeting health
       care needs, then there would be no need for priority
       setting.But no magic wand exists that creates money
       for nothing. (…) What does is mean to be a just and
       caring society when we have only limited resources to
       meet virtually unlimited health care needs? (page 5).

39
Deliberative process

                 Unmet medical            Therapeutic
                 needs                       value

Equity and          Éthique et                                                      Industry driven
                                        Individual                  Price
reasonable           société
                                         Society
                                  Justice and Fairness

Overall impact on the                                                       Clinical uncertainty
                          Opportunities                 Effectiveness
System

40
Quelques exemples
                   Valeur               Coût                Rapport coût         Impact              Coût
                   thérapeutiqu                             efficacité           budgétaire          opportunité /
                   e                                                                                 Enjeux
                                                                                                     particuliers
Vimizim            Haut répondeur       500 000 à 800 000   Incertain            Faible; nombre de   Solidarité
Elosulfase alpha   dans les 2 groupes   $ selon le poids                         patients limités    Besoins en
Synd. Morquio                                                                                        réadaptation
                   TM6M 22 m

Soliris ™          Cochrane             500 000$            Incertain            Faible; nombre de   Greffe de moelle
Eculizumab         Database Syst Rev.   annuellement                             patients limités    vs risque vs
HPN                2014 Oct 30                                                                       qualité de vie

Harvoni™           SVR = 96‐98%         44 000 – 134 000$   Selon la sévérité    350 X106 à
                                                            de la maladie,       1 X109
                                                            mais coût efficace
                                                            de F0 à F4

 41
Recommendations

     • Regular List – no restriction
     • Exception List – specific reimbursement criteria
     • With Condition and Follow‐Up
     • Dismissal
     Final decision is made by the Minister of Health

42
42
Publication des avis au ministre

43
Questions ?

44
En collaboration étroite avec Marie Hotte
                       2535, Boul. Laurier 5e étage
                       Québec (Québec) G1V 4M3

                2021 avenue Union, bureau 10.083
                      Montréal (Québec) H3A 2S9
                   Stephane.ahern@umontreal.ca
                          inesss@inesss.qc.ca
                            www.inesss.qc.ca

45
Vous pouvez aussi lire