Dsgd 104 interduction to graphic design san josé state university
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dsgd 104 interduction to graphic design san josé state university content map examples the following are examples of a variety of organizational techniques that might be employed in project one. the set is not meant to exclude the possibility of techniques not represented here.
the following three slides are from the book visual presentation of invisible processes by anton stankowski. the images represent a range of possibilities for the structure of information. more than one organizational structure might be appropriate for a project. the next slide shows three contrasting examples in structures that exist around us, and the slides that follow show twelve structural systems inspired by this range.
the following six slides are “concept maps” for the game of baseball designed by students at the institute of design, iit, in chicago. the instructor, hugh dubberly, has also taught the exercises at art center college of design in pasadena, and at san josé state university. these diagrammed systems group information into sets, show the relationships and overlaps between sets, and ultimately, through the interconnected words and phrases, provide a range of narratives for a viewer to learn about the game of baseball. the examples here differ in the groupings and hierarchies of information students used to describe the sport.
BASEBALL
is played
is a on a
2-Team sport Field
consists of
played by
played
in 9 se
ctions
v is e d
s u p er called
by
Umpire Offensive team Defensive team Innings Infield (Diamond) Outfield Dugout Foul Territory
is divided into
consists of
consists of
consists of
Main umpire Batter Runner Catcher Left fielder Short stop 1st baseman Pitcher Pitcher's mound Home plate 1st Base Left field
gains
loses
1st base umpire Right fielder 2st baseman 2nd Base Right field
Advantage Turns
stands on
by getting
Center fielder 3rd Base Center field
by
2nd base umpire 3st baseman
throws
3rd base umpire Based hit Strike out
Run batted in Force out stand near
Home run Tagged out
stand on
Stolen base Fly out
Free base Called strike
stands on
swings to hit
Bat Ball
Baseball Concept Diagram
Diagram Development, Institute of Design
Instructor: Hugh Dubberly
Team:
Suzan Boztepe
Chujit Jeamsinkul
Soo-Jin Jeong
Linda Pulik
Napawan Sawasdichai
Elisa VargasTerms
B = Ball number (x < 4)
F = Foul number
H = Home run
Pitcher Balls on base Batter become a Runner runs to my O = Out number (x < 3)
Defensive team on Feild players take
throws ball Ball hit runner base Rf = Forced run
to field position Y
batter S = Strike number (x < 3)
Rf(x) Sc = Score
my base = base runner is running to
forced my base = base runner forced to run to (my base + 1)
Conditions
B(x): if x = 4 then balls on based
N Save on my base else batter to plate
F(x): if x < 2 then strike
Y else ball caught (yes or no)
Base hit
H(x): 1] batters run home, tagging all bases
2] if any other runners then forced to
run home
3] my base = homeplate
Tagged out by O(x): if x = 3 then next 1/2 inning, teams alternate
defensive team else new batter
Home run Y
N member
Rf(x): if other runners on my base then (forced my based)
else runner can run (yes or no)
S(x): if x = 3, then strike out
Y H(x) else batter to plate
Sc(x): if my base = home plate, then team score = x + 1
Fly ball
Next half inning Teams alternate
Sc(x)
Foul ball N Ball caught Y
F(x)
Y Bat hit ball
Strike out
O(x)
Strike
Offensive team sits One team member Batter at home Batter
in dugout comes to field and plate N
swings
become batter
N Y
Called strike S(x)
Baseball Process Diagram
2nd Iteration
In strike Diagram Development, Institute of Design
zone Instructor: Hugh Dubberly
Team:
Ball Suzan Boztepe
N Chujit Jeamsinkul
Soo-Jin Jeong
Linda Pulik
Napawan Sawasdichai
Elisa Vargas
B(x)Defensive Team's Actions
D
B
Balls on base
Players take Home Run
Pitcher throws Does the ball Y
position in the field the ball hit the batter? C
N Safe on my base Base Hit Offensive team
Does the
Y gets 1 point for
runner cross
each runner
homeplate?
Y N
All runners
attempt to run to Is any N
Does the
N the next base. runner Y
ball go over
Runner/base tagged by
the backfield C
possibilities are defensive
fence?
depicted below. team?
N
The ball is fair and Out and
Batter become a Is the ball Total Out Number=
Y
runner caught? Out Number + 1
A
N
Total Foul
Total
Is it a Foul Y Number = Foul N
Foul
Ball? Ball + 1
Y NumberThe Game of Baseball:
Mapping its activities, rules, and structure
Field of Play
made up of Foul Territory
Stadium
made up of
Field
which consisting of
played in a
bounded by a Fair Territory
consisting of
Fence consisting of
Top Outfield Infield
split into
which contains
Nine Innings
split into
consisting of Pitchers Mound Batters Box First Base Second Base Third Base
Bottom
Baseball is a Game
Nine Players who stands on who kneels in who watches who watches who watches
consisting of
played by consisting of
Home Team ends each inning on
in the on on on
starts each inning
on
Two Teams
Visiting Team
Players
won by the team
with more
ends each inning
When on defense
on
Players
consisting of
Defense Offense
When on offense
Runs which takes turns
being
Second
Right Fielder Center Fielder Left Fielder Short Stop Pitcher Catcher First Baseman Third Baseman tries to get Batter who could Base Runner
Baseman
become
tries to get Involving offensive action
Runs
Rules
Involving defensive action Involving action from by advancing
offense and defense
Three Outs
Bases
through through
by to get to
Walk: When the batter is by by
Fielding Pitching awarded automatic
advancement to first base.
Batting Stealing Home Plate
Walk
to get
Steal: When a base
by getting by getting by taking runner runs to the
by catching by making by making without next base between
Strike Out Strike Zone: The area directly
Fly ball: A ball hit into the air making pitches. Runner can One Run
that has not yet touched the above home plate that is below Swing be tagged out.
the batter’s armpits and above Four Balls Hit-by-Pitch
ground
their knees.
by pitching in
Force out: Occurs when a fielder, which could result in which could result in
by getting pitched to outside
while carrying the ball, tags a base
that a base runner is forced to run
Fly ball Force out Tags Error Full Swing Bunt
to. Base runners are forced to run Strike Zone
when another runner is running towards
the base they're on. When batters
hit a ball in fair territory, they are forced for for resulting in resulting in
becoming a one of one of when the ball is
to run to first base
which scores at least hit over the
Tag: Occurs when the fielder tags a One Strike One Ball
base runner between bases while which results in
holding the ball. which results which results which results
in in in to reach Miss Foul Hit
Error: A defensive mistake that results
in a runner being able to advance a base
Three Strikes
advances which is one of
Base Runner
which results in
Single Double Triple Home Run
Single: A play in Double: A play in Triple: A play in Home Run: An
which the batter which the batter which the batter offensive play in
One Out advances to first base advances to second advances to third which the batter hits
by hitting a fair ball base by hitting a fair base by hitting a fair the ball fair, but over
and not getting out ball and not getting ball and not getting the outfield fence.
out out All base runners run
to home and score.Start of game
Set Up Game
Set home team runs to 0
Set visiting team runs to 0
Set inning half to "top"
Process Diagram: Baseball
Eric Swanson
Mark Faga
Home team takes Hsin-Hsuing Liu
defensive position with all
9 players on the field
Tairan Sun
New Batter Wait for pitch Pitch Base Running Add runs from this At Bat Somatat NaTakuatung
Set strikes to 0
Andy Schultz
Visiting team supplies Set balls to 0
batters Set "Batter"runs to 0 Fielding
Wait for batter Pitcher starts Fielder catch Yes Other runners are Batter is "out,"
Batter steps up Batter outside Yes to return to to throw ball before it hits "forced" to touch stops running and
to plate of batting box? batting box the ground? their base leaves the field
No
No
Ball Contact
Non-forced runners Yes Add Batter runs
Yes Pitcher Yes Yes Yes YesBatter from
All Ball stay Yes Ball within Yes Batter is "forced" (if any) to
complete throw? Batter swing? Batter hit ball? can choose to run home team?
bases empty? in bounds? outfied fence? to run to first base home team score
to next base
No Home team ahead, bottom of 9th or later
No No No No No
No
Fielder with Add Batter runs Inning Yes Home team Yes
Declare home
When are players forced to run?
Yes Ball hit ball tag runner Yes (if any) to >= 9 and "half" runs > visitor
Fielder Yes team as winner
Runner Declare "Balk" batter outside of between bases? visiting team score = "bottom?" team runs?
Yes catch ball?
on base attempt strike zone?
to run? No
No No
No No
No Fielder
with ball tag Yes Runner is "out,"
Yes Yes + 1 to
Ball in + 1 to base a runner is forced stops running and
Strike count < 2? out count
strike zone? strike count to before the leaves the field Yes
runner? Out count = 3?
No
No No
No
Any
+1 to Yes runners running Yes Runner on occupied Yes
ball count + 1 to toward an occupied base is forced to Out count = 3?
Strike count = 3?
out count base? run to next base
No
No No Change Sides Change Innings
Yes
Ball count = 4? Yes
Out count = 3?
Has a
Yes Yes
base runner + 1 to
No touched home Set outs to 0
No Batter Runs
plate? Innings >= 9?
No
No
Yes Runners
between Visiting team Yes
bases? on the field? +1
to innings
No
No
Fielder tosses
ball to pitcher
Set inning half Set inning half
to "bottom" to "top"
Visiting team Home team
takes the field takes the field
Steal Attempt Walk Home Run
Batter has hit
a "Home Run"
Pitcher throw Yes Fielder Yes Yes
+ 1 to Batter advances
ball to fielder before tag runner Out count = 3?
out count to first base
runner reaches with ball?
base?
No No No
Runner on occupied Runner on Yes
Base being Yes Runner on third
Yes Runner See who wins
Runner has advanced to base advances to third base? runs to home
advance to
"stolen"base occupied? next base
next base?
No No Home
No Home team Set inning half Yes team runs = visiting
+1 to Inning
+1 to takes the field to "top" team runs?
Runner runs Runner leaves base before Batter Runs
Runner returns to toward base fielder catches fly ball
previously occupied Base being Yes First base No
base +1 to j Batter always N/A
advanced to Batter runs Not occupied forced to run to 1st
home base?
Runner on Yes
Runner on second
Yes
No j Base runner forced Base runner forced second base? runs to home Home
j j Declare home
New base Yes Occupied to 2nd, batter to touch 1st before team have more
+1 to team winner
home plate? forced to run to1st running runs?
Batter runs
No
Second base
No force N/A
+1 to No
Not occupied
No Batter Runs
j Force on third Base runner forced Declare visiting
j
Set new base to Occupied to touch 2nd before
team winner
"occupied" running
Runner on Yes
Third base Runner on second
No force N/A first base? runs to home
Not occupied
No
Force at home j Base runner forced
Occupied j to touch 3rd before +1 to
running Batter Runs
Home plate
No force N/A
Not occupied
Batter
runs to home
Occupied Not possible
+1 to
Batter Runs
End of gameBaseball
How to Play Baseball
Concept Map
is a
Objective
that counts the most after 9 to determine
Game Run/s Winner Game ends
Innings Inning: A unit of a baseball game
consisting of a turn at bat and
three outs for each team.
attempts to prevents
positioned in Right field
Outfielders
Center field
counts as 1
played by
is made up of
Defense
Left field
4 Bases
uses a
positioned at First base Second
Infielders
base
Glove
rounding all
Glove: Padded leather hand
2
covering that protects a
Shortstop Third base
Teams
alternate between fielder's hand and makes
it easier for him to catch
a baseball.
Participants
Rules
Catcher Pitcher Game begins total of 4 results in
attempts to generate
Balls 1 Base
determined by when pitch misses
Ball
throws a
Strike Zone: An imaginary area
a ball must pass through to be
Umpire Strike called a strike. The strike zone
is the width of home plate and
Zone extends from the bottom of
the knee cap to the uniform
Out: One of three required
retirements of an offensive team
letters across a player's chest. during its half-inning at bat.
receives a and swings a which results
Batter
to safely gain at least
Pitch Bat Strike
Praima Chayutsahakij Yu Guo Brian Herzfeldt Mike LaManna
Pitch: When the pitcher in a determined by when pitch crosses
throws a baseball to total of 3 results in
the catcher. 1 Out
Strikes
is made up of Bat: Wooden implement
Offense
into
used to hit a baseball.
counts as 1
which transforms the
can be Foul
Batter Hit
on a
Base Struck
Runner/s
advances 1 or more
by Pitch Pitching/Hitting
meaning it's
can be
Home counts as 1
Baseball Run
consists of 4 Bases
Diamond Markers known as
as a result of
counts as Advancing
Caught Runner
2 Foul Out of
Environment Lines Foul lines: Extend from
determine whether or not the hit ball is
In Play meaning it's Fair or
Play
home plate and intersect
the
both 1st and 3rd base
ID546 Diagram Development Spring 2000
and continue out to
can be allowing the
the foul poles.
Fly ball Dropped
and be
The fielder either touches A batted ball forces a runner To make a throw
A ball hit into
a base with his body or to advance to another base that enables a
the air on an arc.
Pitcher's
the fielder touches the and the fielder possessing teammate to put
The slightly elevated runner with the ball before the ball tags that base out a base runner.
then
ground on which
Mound
the runner reaches the bag. before the runner reaches it.
a baseball pitcher stands
Ground is Fielded in order to Tag Out or Force Out or Throw Out
ball
Fielding/Scoring A batted ball that rolls
or bounces on the ground.
Also known as a grounder.
To catch or pick
a hit ball and then
to throw it to a teammate.
Outfield
Fence Definitions: Morgan, Joe and Lally, Richard. Baseball For Dummies:
A Reference for the Rest of Us. Chicago: IDG Books Worldwide, Inc., 1998.
Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary. Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster, Inc, 1999.the following shows the interconnectedness of multiple sets of information next to simple introductory paragraphs.
the following is a detail of a large list of information sets placed in strict columns, followed by a panel with fewer text sets and large groupings of photographic information.
the following arranges text in the conceptual manner of a map, based on the actual location of elements in the list.
the next slide groups content by type: icons, lists, and prose. the example following that groups the information in much the same manner, but then shows the interconnectedness of the information in table form.
the final example mixes icons and text together in a complex concept map
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Normalisation Européenne Le 11 décembre 2000, les Etats-membres nn e ec
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tion et le
pour les Réfugiés demandeurs d'asile et des immigrants
d'études. Cette carte a été conçue, réalisée et clandestins, et de déterminer l'Etat formation Un plan d'action pour la ACP (77 pays
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ro
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# FAIP - Farm Animal Industrial Platform européenne c o o p e r a t i o n s
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l
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Directive sur la brevetabilité du vivant # et Liechtenstein. La Suisse a refusé des quartiers défavorisés
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Joint Research European Institut européen Trilateral cependant maintenu et développé
Centre of Pharmacopoeia Organization des normes ses relations avec l'UE à travers Fonds
the European for Technical de des accords bilatéraux élargis. européen de
Commission
E,
Réseau d'Information Comptable Agricole (RICA) Euratom
c
ha
L'EEE constitue un marché Direction Développement
Commission Approvals télécommunications Direction nge AEL
d'approximativement 380 millions régional (FEDER)
(EOTA) (ETSI) Générale Générale
de consommateurs et représente de l'agriculture
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ctrotechnical mondiales et 20% des
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L'AELE est une L'Observatoire est la structure d'animation du “Réseau européen du Développement rural”,
exportations mondiales, hors
St
or
réseau qui concerne tous les pays de l'Union européenne et qui a pour vocation de faciliter la
an
ommittee f
n
organisation David commerce intra-EEE. (2000)
tio
dardization (
Direction relation entre une grande diversité d'organisations: “groupes d'action locale” (GAL),
sa
Margot expérimentés ou débutants (entre 600 et 800 “micro-régions” rurales, dont 150 ayant
internationale qui Byrne Direction
di
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ar
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c
oa
l'Information RURAL DEVELOPMENT LEADER Special Accession Programme for Agriculture and la période 2000-2006 sera de 2,020 milliards d'euros, financé par le FEOGA-
pr
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Ap
w
# LEADER +
Ne
Direction
de Direction l Fun Les agriculteurs des zones défavorisées du point de vue agricole (montagne, zone
TIA
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Struct
Organizational Direction Direction de la publique Alimentaire des indemnités compensatoires afin d'assurer l'exploitation continue des superficies
Consommation http://ww ucturel
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Fonds européen Common Market Organisation (CMO)
Fisheries contribue aux réformes agricoles
Guidance d'orientation Les objectifs de la PAC, tels que les énonce l'article 33 du traité CE, sont :
Comit
structurelles et au développement
Mobile Broadband Specifications for Public Safety (FIFG) et de des zones rurales - d'accroître la productivité de l'agriculture en développant le progrès technique, en assurant le
garantie agricole section "garantie" développement rationnel de la production agricole ainsi qu'un emploi optimum des facteurs de
de
é
Office (FEOGA) production, notamment de la main-d'oeuvre;
finance les dépenses
eur en
opé
Conseillers alimentaire afférentes à l'organisation - d'assurer ainsi un niveau de vie équitable à la population agricole, notamment par le
# Public Safety Partnership Project (EPP MESA) et vétérinaire commune des marchés relèvement du revenu individuel de ceux qui travaillent dans l'agriculture;
Autorité - de stabiliser les marchés;
(OAV) Européenne de Agricultural Committees - de garantir la sécurité des approvisionnements;
Sécurité des
Aliments (EFSA)
Politique agricole commune (PAC) - d'assurer des prix raisonnables dans les livraisons aux consommateurs. Aux fins de la
La PAC coûte environ 45 milliards d'euros chaque année, réalisation des objectifs précités, l'article 34 du traité CE prévoit l'établissement d'une
Agence européenne
soit à peu près de la moitié du budget de l'UE (source: Organisation commune des marchés agricoles (OCM).
http://www.wsws.org/francais/News/2002/dsgd 104 interduction to graphic design san josé state university
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